步進電機和(he)無(wu)刷電機(ji)(ji)是(shi)兩種應用(yong)(yong)非常廣泛的驅動電機(ji)(ji)，兩者的結構、領(ling)域、驅動特性上明(ming)顯不一樣，下面詳細介(jie)紹步進(jin)電機(ji)(ji)和(he)無(wu)刷電機(ji)(ji)的區別，將從驅動原理、特點、應用(yong)(yong)場景介(jie)紹。

步進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)又稱為脈(mo)沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，基于(yu)最基本的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵原理，它(ta)是一種可(ke)以自由回轉(zhuan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵，其動作(zuo)原理是依靠(kao)氣(qi)隙磁(ci)導(dao)的(de)變化(hua)來產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)轉(zhuan)矩。步進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是一種將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)脈(mo)沖信(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)角(jiao)位(wei)(wei)移或線(xian)(xian)位(wei)(wei)移的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)。每輸入(ru)一個脈(mo)沖信(xin)號(hao)，轉(zhuan)子就(jiu)轉(zhuan)動一個角(jiao)度或前進(jin)一步，其輸出(chu)的(de)角(jiao)位(wei)(wei)移或線(xian)(xian)位(wei)(wei)移與(yu)輸入(ru)的(de)脈(mo)沖數成(cheng)正比，轉(zhuan)速(su)與(yu)脈(mo)沖頻率(lv)成(cheng)正比。因此，步進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)又稱脈(mo)沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)。通(tong)常電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)轉(zhuan)子為永磁(ci)體，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)過定(ding)子繞(rao)組時，定(ding)子繞(rao)組產生(sheng)一矢(shi)量(liang)(liang)磁(ci)場(chang)。該(gai)磁(ci)場(chang)會帶動轉(zhuan)子旋轉(zhuan)一角(jiao)度，使得轉(zhuan)子的(de)一對磁(ci)場(chang)方向與(yu)定(ding)子的(de)磁(ci)場(chang)方向一致(zhi)。當定(ding)子的(de)矢(shi)量(liang)(liang)磁(ci)場(chang)旋轉(zhuan)一個角(jiao)度。轉(zhuan)子也隨(sui)著該(gai)磁(ci)場(chang)轉(zhuan)一個角(jiao)度。步進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)具備運行平(ping)穩(wen)、低(di)噪音、響應(ying)(ying)快(kuai)、使用壽(shou)命長、高輸出(chu)扭矩等(deng)特點。

步進電機在智能機器人(ren)驅動(dong)、升(sheng)降(jiang)桌升(sheng)降(jiang)、電動(dong)沙(sha)發伸縮、ATM機(ji)(ji)(ji)、噴繪機(ji)(ji)(ji)、刻字機(ji)(ji)(ji)、寫真(zhen)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、噴涂設備、醫療儀(yi)器及設備、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)設備、小型電(dian)動(dong)工(gong)具、精密儀(yi)器、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)控制系統、辦公自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)器人(ren)等領域。

無(wu)刷(shua)直(zhi)流電動(dong)機是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)半導體開關器(qi)件來實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)換(huan)向(xiang)的，即用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)開關器(qi)件代替傳統(tong)的接觸式換(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷。它具有(you)可靠性高、無(wu)換(huan)向(xiang)火(huo)花、機(ji)械噪聲低等優點，廣泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)高檔錄(lu)音座(zuo)、錄(lu)像機(ji)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)儀(yi)器(qi)及自動化辦(ban)公(gong)設備中。

無刷直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機由永磁體(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)、多極繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)定(ding)子(zi)、位(wei)置(zhi)傳感器(qi)等(deng)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成。位(wei)置(zhi)傳感按(an)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)位(wei)置(zhi)的(de)(de)變化，沿著一定(ding)次序(xu)對定(ding)子(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)進(jin)行換(huan)流(liu)(liu)（即檢測轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)磁極相對定(ding)子(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)，并在確定(ding)的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)處(chu)產生位(wei)置(zhi)傳感信(xin)號(hao)，經信(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路處(chu)理后去控(kong)制功率(lv)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，按(an)一定(ding)的(de)(de)邏輯關(guan)系進(jin)行繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)切換(huan)）。定(ding)子(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓由位(wei)置(zhi)傳感器(qi)輸(shu)出控(kong)制的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路提供。

無(wu)刷電機優點：無(wu)電刷、低(di)干擾、噪音低(di)，運轉(zhuan)順暢、壽命長，低(di)維(wei)護成本等

無刷電(dian)機用(yong)途：小(xiao)功(gong)率、小(xiao)型無刷電(dian)機需要搭配齒輪箱(xiang)一起使(shi)用(yong)，廣泛應用(yong)在智能汽車(che)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、機器(qi)(qi)(qi)人驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、智能家居(ju)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、家用(yong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、消(xiao)費電(dian)子(zi)產品驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、通訊(xun)設(she)備驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、醫(yi)療設(she)備驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、電(dian)子(zi)鎖(suo)具驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等行業(ye)和設(she)備。