什么是減速步進電機？減(jian)速步(bu)進(jin)電機(ji)是一種運用廣(guang)泛的(de)減(jian)速設備，下面將詳細介紹步(bu)進(jin)電機(ji)、減(jian)速器、減(jian)速步(bu)進(jin)電機(ji)概(gai)論，與結構組成。

步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)是一(yi)(yi)種感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，它(ta)的(de)(de)工作原理是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，將直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)成分時(shi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)，多相時(shi)序控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，用(yong)這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)(wei)(wei)步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)才(cai)能(neng)正常工作，驅動器(qi)就是為(wei)(wei)(wei)步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)分時(shi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)，多相時(shi)序控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)。步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)是將電(dian)(dian)(dian)脈沖(chong)信號轉(zhuan)變(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)位(wei)(wei)移(yi)或線位(wei)(wei)移(yi)的(de)(de)開環(huan)控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，是現代數字(zi)程序控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統中(zhong)的(de)(de)主要執行(xing)元件，應用(yong)極為(wei)(wei)(wei)廣(guang)泛(fan)。在非超載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)情況下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)速、停止的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置只取決于脈沖(chong)信號的(de)(de)頻率和脈沖(chong)數，而不受負(fu)載(zai)(zai)變(bian)化的(de)(de)影響，當(dang)步(bu)進(jin)驅動器(qi)接(jie)收到一(yi)(yi)個(ge)脈沖(chong)信號，它(ta)就驅動步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)按設定(ding)的(de)(de)方(fang)向轉(zhuan)動一(yi)(yi)個(ge)固定(ding)的(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度，稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“步(bu)距角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)”，它(ta)的(de)(de)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)是以固定(ding)的(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度一(yi)(yi)步(bu)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)運行(xing)的(de)(de)。

減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器是一(yi)種由(you)封(feng)閉在剛(gang)性(xing)殼體內(nei)的齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)、蝸桿(gan)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)、齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)-蝸桿(gan)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)所組成的獨立部件(jian)，常用(yong)作原(yuan)動(dong)(dong)件(jian)與工作機(ji)(ji)(ji)之間的減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)裝置 。在原(yuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和工作機(ji)(ji)(ji)或執行機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)之間起匹配轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)和傳(chuan)(chuan)遞轉(zhuan)矩(ju)的作用(yong)，在現代機(ji)(ji)(ji)械中應用(yong)極為廣泛。一(yi)般用(yong)于低(di)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)大扭(niu)矩(ju)的傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)設(she)備，把電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、內(nei)燃機(ji)(ji)(ji)或其它高速(su)(su)運轉(zhuan)的動(dong)(dong)力通(tong)過(guo)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的輸入軸上(shang)的齒(chi)(chi)數少的齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)嚙合輸出軸上(shang)的大齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)來達(da)到減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)的目(mu)的，普(pu)通(tong)的減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)(ji)也會(hui)有幾對(dui)相同原(yuan)理齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)達(da)到理想的減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)效果，大小(xiao)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)的齒(chi)(chi)數之比，就是傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)比。減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)器的驅動(dong)(dong)源(yuan)可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)直流電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、步進電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、空心杯(bei)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、微型馬達(da)使用(yong)，這種減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)設(she)備也稱為直流減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、步進減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、空心杯(bei)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、微型減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)馬達(da)等(deng)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)設(she)備。

減(jian)速(su)步(bu)進(jin)電機(ji)是(shi)(shi)由減(jian)速(su)器(齒輪箱)+電機(ji)組成(cheng)而成(cheng)，電機(ji)能(neng)夠(gou)供給相當大(da)的(de)打高速(su)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)，但力(li)矩(ju)(ju)很小，發(fa)生的(de)運動(dong)慣性(xing)相當大(da);減(jian)速(su)器的(de)功用就是(shi)(shi)用來操(cao)控(kong)下(xia)降轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)、提(ti)升扭矩(ju)(ju)，下(xia)降運動(dong)發(fa)生的(de)慣性(xing)，已到(dao)達(da)抱負的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)和力(li)矩(ju)(ju);比(bi)如(ru)稀有的(de)有電動(dong)窗(chuang)布、電動(dong)卷閘門，都采用了減(jian)速(su)電機(ji)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)慢(man)、力(li)矩(ju)(ju)大(da)。

簡略來說步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)是(shi)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)做到定(ding)長定(ding)速(su)的(de)(de)操(cao)控，就比如說，作業臺走(zou)1米，電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)是(shi)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)自由設(she)定(ding)的(de)(de)，稀(xi)有(you)的(de)(de)應用事(shi)例有(you)，比如像是(shi)銑床的(de)(de)作業臺上的(de)(de)步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)。兩者(zhe)之間的(de)(de)區別是(shi)步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)是(shi)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)做到定(ding)速(su)、守時(想走(zou)多(duo)長、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)多(duo)快都(dou)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)設(she)定(ding))但是(shi)減(jian)(jian)速(su)步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)是(shi)由減(jian)(jian)速(su)比來決議的(de)(de)不能(neng)(neng)調理滾動速(su)度(du)的(de)(de)快慢;但步進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)力矩(ju)小，減(jian)(jian)速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)滾動力矩(ju)大。