減速機與變速箱區別
減速機和變速箱在機械傳動系統領域中被廣泛應用,兩種設備結構、原理、用途都不一樣,在理解減速機與變速箱時,較為明顯的區別就是術語,這是因為所有減速機都是變速箱;但是,并非所有變速箱都是減速機,這可能聽起來有點復雜,但它實際上非常簡單。
減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)是一(yi)種由封閉(bi)在剛性殼體(ti)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)輪傳動(dong)、蝸桿傳動(dong)、齒(chi)輪-蝸桿傳動(dong)所(suo)組成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立部件,常用(yong)作(zuo)原(yuan)動(dong)件與(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)傳動(dong)裝置(zhi) 。在原(yuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)和工(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)或執(zhi)行機(ji)(ji)構之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)起匹配轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)和傳遞轉(zhuan)(zhuan)矩(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong),在現代機(ji)(ji)械中應用(yong)極為(wei)廣泛。減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)于(yu)低(di)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)大(da)扭矩(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳動(dong)設備,把電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、內燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)或其它高(gao)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)力通過減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸入(ru)軸上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)數少的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)輪嚙合(he)輸出軸上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)齒(chi)輪來(lai)達到(dao)減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),普通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)也會有幾對(dui)相同原(yuan)理(li)(li)齒(chi)輪達到(dao)理(li)(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)效果,大(da)小齒(chi)輪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)數之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比,就是傳動(dong)比。減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是降低(di)在這兩個端點(dian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)傳遞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su),減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扭矩(ju)(ju)(輸入(ru))并(bing)乘(cheng)以它;其次,減(jian)(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi),顧名(ming)思義,降低(di)輸入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)(轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)輸出),使輸出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)正(zheng)確。
減速機(ji)分類:
按照(zhao)傳動類型(xing)可分為(wei)齒輪減(jian)速(su)(su)器、蝸(gua)桿減(jian)速(su)(su)器和行星齒輪減(jian)速(su)(su)器;
按照傳動(dong)級數不同可分為單級和(he)多級減速器;
按照(zhao)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)形狀可分(fen)為圓(yuan)(yuan)柱齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)減(jian)速(su)器、圓(yuan)(yuan)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)減(jian)速(su)器和圓(yuan)(yuan)錐-圓(yuan)(yuan)柱齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)減(jian)速(su)器;
按照傳動的布(bu)置形式(shi)又可分為展開式(shi)減(jian)速器(qi)、分流式(shi)減(jian)速器(qi)和同軸式(shi)減(jian)速器(qi)。
按照驅動(dong)電機(ji)可分為直(zhi)流(liu)減(jian)(jian)速機(ji)、步進(jin)減(jian)(jian)速機(ji)、空心(xin)杯減(jian)(jian)速機(ji)、伺服減(jian)(jian)速機(ji)等;
按照功率(lv)大小分為大功率(lv)減速(su)機、小功率(lv)減速(su)機;
按照齒(chi)輪(lun)材(cai)質分為(wei)塑料齒(chi)輪(lun)減(jian)速機、金屬齒(chi)輪(lun)減(jian)速機;
按照精度等級分為(wei)精密減速(su)(su)機、普通(tong)減速(su)(su)機;
減速機(ji)應用:
減速機廣泛應(ying)用在冶金(jin)、有色、煤炭、建材、船(chuan)舶、水利、電力、工(gong)程機械及石(shi)化;電子設(she)備(bei)、智(zhi)能(neng)家(jia)居、智(zhi)能(neng)家(jia)電、智(zhi)能(neng)廚(chu)衛(wei)、機器人、自動(dong)工(gong)業化、醫療設(she)備(bei)、智(zhi)能(neng)通訊設(she)備(bei)、光學設(she)備(bei)、智(zhi)能(neng)汽車等行業。
變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)箱(xiang)僅僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電動機(ji)和(he)(he)(he)一(yi)臺機(ji)器(qi)(qi)之(zhi)間的(de)齒(chi)輪(lun)系的(de)通(tong)稱,因此,所有減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)箱(xiang),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),并(bing)非(fei)所有變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)箱(xiang)都會降低輸(shu)(shu)入速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)。雖然不常見,但(dan)實(shi)際(ji)上可以加工變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)箱(xiang)以提高輸(shu)(shu)入速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)度(du)。到(dao)目(mu)前為止,常見的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)箱(xiang)類型是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi),但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說所有減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不正確的(de)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)箱(xiang)也稱為變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi),變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)來改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)來自發動機(ji)的(de)轉速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)轉矩(ju)的(de)機(ji)構,它能固定或分檔改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)輸(shu)(shu)出軸(zhou)和(he)(he)(he)輸(shu)(shu)入軸(zhou)傳(chuan)動比,又稱變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)箱(xiang)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)由(you)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動機(ji)構和(he)(he)(he)操縱機(ji)構組(zu)成,有些汽(qi)車還有動力輸(shu)(shu)出機(ji)構。傳(chuan)動機(ji)構大多用(yong)普通(tong)齒(chi)輪(lun)傳(chuan)動,也有的(de)用(yong)行星齒(chi)輪(lun)傳(chuan)動。普通(tong)齒(chi)輪(lun)傳(chuan)動變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)(su)機(ji)構一(yi)般用(yong)滑移齒(chi)輪(lun)和(he)(he)(he)同步器(qi)(qi)等。