直流減速電機是一種運用廣泛的減速設備，主要傳動結構由驅動電機（分為無刷直流電機、有刷直流電機）、齒輪箱組裝而成的減速設備，具備減速、傳動、提升扭矩功能；步進電機是一種精密驅動電機，角度可控制、速度可控制，應用也廣泛；下面將介紹直流減速電機與步進電機區別。直流減速電機：

直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，即微型(xing)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)。一(yi)般是(shi)通(tong)(tong)過把電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)、內燃機(ji)(ji)或(huo)其他高速(su)(su)(su)運轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)動力通(tong)(tong)過齒(chi)(chi)輪減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)輸入軸上的(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)數少的(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)輪嚙合輸出軸上的(de)(de)大(da)齒(chi)(chi)輪來達(da)到減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)由(you)(you)靜(jing)止部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)和(he)旋轉(zhuan)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)組成。靜(jing)止部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)稱(cheng)為(wei)定子(zi)。它(ta)由(you)(you)一(yi)個外殼和(he)一(yi)個磁極(ji)組成。當然，磁極(ji)用(yong)于產生(sheng)磁場。旋轉(zhuan)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)稱(cheng)為(wei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)，也(ye)稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)樞，電(dian)(dian)樞芯是(shi)圓柱形的(de)(de)，由(you)(you)層(ceng)壓硅鋼片制成，表面用(yong)槽(cao)沖孔，電(dian)(dian)樞繞組放在槽(cao)中(zhong)。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)是(shi)將電(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)旋轉(zhuan)機(ji)(ji)械能(neng)的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)器。它(ta)主要(yao)用(yong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)解，電(dian)(dian)鍍，電(dian)(dian)熔(rong)，充電(dian)(dian)和(he)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)勵磁，雖然需要(yao)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)源，但電(dian)(dian)源整流(liu)(liu)元件也(ye)用(yong)于將交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)，從易用(yong)性，操作(zuo)可靠性和(he)某些工作(zuo)性能(neng)方面來看，交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)整流(liu)(liu)不能(neng)與直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)電(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)相比(bi)。步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)：

步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)一(yi)種感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，它(ta)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)原理(li)是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，將直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)成(cheng)分(fen)時供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)，多相時序(xu)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，用(yong)(yong)這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)才能正常工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，驅(qu)動器(qi)(qi)就是(shi)為步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)時供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)，多相時序(xu)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)。雖然步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)已被廣(guang)泛(fan)地(di)應用(yong)(yong)，但步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)并(bing)不能像(xiang)普通的(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在常規下使用(yong)(yong)。它(ta)必須(xu)由雙環形脈沖信號、功率驅(qu)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路等組(zu)成(cheng)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)方可使用(yong)(yong)。因(yin)此用(yong)(yong)好(hao)步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)卻非易事，它(ta)涉及(ji)(ji)到(dao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)及(ji)(ji)計算機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等許(xu)多專(zhuan)業知識。步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)為執行元件，是(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)體化(hua)的(de)關鍵產品之一(yi)，廣(guang)泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)在各種自動化(hua)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)中。步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)可以搭載齒輪箱(xiang)（減(jian)速器(qi)(qi)）、編碼(ma)器(qi)(qi)使用(yong)(yong)，加(jia)上減(jian)速裝置的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)只要加(jia)上合適的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)就會轉(zhuan)，而且轉(zhuan)得圈數難(nan)以控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，而直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流要大(da)很多，一(yi)般(ban)小型直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)L298N這類的(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)驅(qu)動芯片驅(qu)動，控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)時候一(yi)般(ban)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)單片機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輸出PWM波控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)；而步(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)則按照節拍工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，可以旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)極小的(de)角度(du)(du)（比如0.1度(du)(du)）。