減速電機是指減速機（齒輪箱）和電機（馬達）的集成體，具備減速、傳動、提升扭矩功能。這種集成體通常也可稱為齒輪馬達或齒輪電機，采用不同的齒輪箱，不同的驅動電機，作用、用途、技術參數也不一樣；例如直流減速電機是由減速機、直流電機組裝而成的減速設備，行星減速電機是由行星齒輪箱集成驅動電機組裝而成的減速設備，蝸輪蝸桿減速機是由蝸輪蝸桿齒輪箱集成電機馬達組裝而成的減速傳動設備，不同類型的減速電機應用場景也不一樣。減速電機通常由專業的減速機、齒輪箱生產廠家，進行集成組裝好后，與電機一體成套供貨，可以避免損耗，提升產品質量。

直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)機(ji)將直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)能轉換(huan)(huan)為機(ji)械能的(de)(de)轉動(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置。電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)定子(zi)提(ti)供(gong)磁場，直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)源向(xiang)(xiang)轉子(zi)的(de)(de)繞(rao)組提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)流，換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)器使轉子(zi)電(dian)流與磁場產生的(de)(de)轉矩保(bao)持方向(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)變。根據是否(fou)是否(fou)配置有常用的(de)(de)電(dian)刷-換(huan)(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)器可以將直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)分為兩類，包括(kuo)有刷直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)和無刷直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)。直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)機(ji)沒有集成組裝(zhuang)減速機(ji)（齒輪箱）是不(bu)具(ju)備(bei)減速傳動(dong)(dong)功能的(de)(de)。 

有(you)(you)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)是一種直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)，有(you)(you)刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的定(ding)子上安裝有(you)(you)固定(ding)的主(zhu)磁(ci)極和電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)，轉子上安裝有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)樞(shu)繞(rao)組(zu)和換向器。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)源的電(dian)(dian)能通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)和換向器進入電(dian)(dian)樞(shu)繞(rao)組(zu)，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)樞(shu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，電(dian)(dian)樞(shu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的磁(ci)場與主(zhu)磁(ci)場相互作用產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)轉矩，使電(dian)(dian)機(ji)旋轉帶動(dong)負載(zai)。由于電(dian)(dian)刷(shua)和換向器的存在，有(you)(you)刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的結構(gou)復雜，可靠性(xing)差(cha)，故(gu)障多(duo)，維護工作量大，壽(shou)命短，換向火(huo)花易產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)擾。有(you)(you)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)集成組(zu)裝減(jian)速機(ji)（齒(chi)輪(lun)箱），稱為(wei)有(you)(you)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)減(jian)速電(dian)(dian)機(ji)，具(ju)備減(jian)速、傳動(dong)、提(ti)升扭矩的功能。

無(wu)刷直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)由(you)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)主體(ti)和(he)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)，是一種典型的(de)機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)一體(ti)化產(chan)品。 無(wu)刷電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是指無(wu)電(dian)(dian)刷和(he)換向器(qi)（或集電(dian)(dian)環）的(de)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，又稱無(wu)換向器(qi)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)。無(wu)刷直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)由(you)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)主體(ti)和(he)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)，是一種典型的(de)機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)一體(ti)化產(chan)品。 電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)定子繞組(zu)多(duo)做(zuo)成(cheng)三相對稱星(xing)形接法，同(tong)三相異步電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)十(shi)分(fen)相似。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)轉(zhuan)子上粘有已(yi)充(chong)磁的(de)永磁體(ti) ，為了檢測電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)子的(de)極(ji)性(xing)，在電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)內裝有位(wei)置傳感器(qi)。

直(zhi)流減速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，即齒(chi)輪減速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，是在普通直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上，加上配套(tao)齒(chi)輪減速(su)箱(xiang)(xiang)。齒(chi)輪減速(su)箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)是，提供(gong)(gong)較低的(de)(de)(de)轉速(su)，較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)力矩。同(tong)(tong)時，齒(chi)輪箱(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)減速(su)比可(ke)以提供(gong)(gong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)轉速(su)和力矩。這(zhe)大(da)大(da)提高了，直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)在自動化行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)中的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)率。減速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是指減速(su)機(ji)(ji)和電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)（馬達）的(de)(de)(de)集成(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)。這(zhe)種集成(cheng)(cheng)體(ti)通常(chang)也可(ke)稱為齒(chi)輪馬達或齒(chi)輪電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)。通常(chang)由專業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)減速(su)機(ji)(ji)生產廠進行(xing)(xing)集成(cheng)(cheng)組裝好后成(cheng)(cheng)套(tao)供(gong)(gong)貨(huo)。減速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于鋼鐵行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)、機(ji)(ji)械(xie)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)等。使用(yong)(yong)減速(su)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)優點是簡化設計、節省空間。